Golongan psikotropika

Golongan psikotropika

Psikotropika yang mempunyai potensi mengakibatkan sindroma ketergantungan digolongkan menjadi4 golongan, yaitu:

1. Psikotropika golongan I : yaitu psikotropika yang tidak digunakan untuk tujuan pengobatan dengan potensi ketergantungan yang sangat kuat
2. Psikotropika golongan II : yaitu psikotropika yang berkhasiat terapi tetapi dapat menimbulkan ketergantungan.
3. Psikotropika golongan III : yaitu psikotropika dengan efek ketergantungannya sedang dari kelompok hipnotik sedatif.
4. Psikotropika golongan IV : yaitu psikotropika yang efek ketergantungannya ringan.

Berdasarkan Konvensi Perserikatan Bangsa Bangsa tentang pemberantasan peredaran narkotika dan psikotropika, tahun 1988 tersebut maka psikotropika dapat digolongkan sebagai berikut : (didahului dengan nama International dan nama kimia diletakkan dalam tanda kurung)

[sunting] Psikotropika golongan I

• Broloamfetamine atau DOB ((±)-4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxy-alpha-methylphenethylamine)
• Cathinone ((x)-(S)-2-aminopropiophenone)
• DET (3-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]indole)
• DMA ( (±)-2,5-dimethoxy-alpha-methylphenethylamine )
• DMHP ( 3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-6H- dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-olo )
• DMT ( 3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]indole)
• DOET ( (±)-4-ethyl-2,5-dimethoxy-alpha-phenethylamine)
• Eticyclidine - PCE ( N-ethyl-1-phenylcyclohexylamine )
• Etrytamine ( 3-(2-aminobutyl)indole )
• Lysergide - LSD, LSD-25 (9,10-didehydro-N,N-diethyl-6-methylergoline-8beta-carboxamide)
• MDMA ((±)-N,alpha-dimethyl-3,4-(methylene-dioxy)phenethylamine)
• Mescaline (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine)
• Methcathinone ( 2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-one )
• 4-methylaminorex ( (±)-cis-2-amino-4-methyl-5-phenyl-2-oxazoline )
• MMDA (2-methoxy-alpha-methyl-4,5-(methylenedioxy)phenethylamine)
• N-ethyl MDA ((±)-N-ethyl-alpha-methyl-3,4-(methylenedioxy)phenethylamine)
• N-hydroxy MDA ((±)-N-[alpha-methyl-3,4-(methylenedioxy)phenethyl]hydroxylamine)
• Parahexyl (3-hexyl-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol)
• PMA (p-methoxy-alpha-methylphenethylamine)
• Psilocine, psilotsin (3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl] indol-4-ol)
• Psilocybine (3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]indol-4-yl dihydrogen phosphate)
• Rolicyclidine - PHP,PCPY ( 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)pyrrolidine )
• STP, DOM (2,5-dimethoxy-alpha,4-dimethylphenethylamine)
• Tenamfetamine - MDA (alpha-methyl-3,4-(methylenedioxy)phenethylamine)
• Tenocyclidine - TCP (1-[1-(2-thienyl)cyclohexyl]piperidine)
• Tetrahydrocannabinol
• TMA ((±)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-alpha-methylphenethylamine)

[sunting] Psikotropika golongan II

• Amphetamine ((±)-alpha-methylphenethylamine)
• Dexamphetamine ((+)-alpha-methylphenethylamine)
• Fenetylline (7-[2-[(alpha-methylphenethyl)amino] ethyl]theophylline)
• Levamphetamine ((x)-(R)-alpha-methylphenethylamine)
• Levomethampheta-mine ((x)-N,alpha-dimethylphenethylamine)
• Mecloqualone (3-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-4(3H)- quinazolinone)
• Methamphetamine ((+)-(S)-N,alpha-dimethylphenethylamine)
• Methamphetamineracemate ((±)-N,alpha-dimethylphenethylamine)
• Methaqualone (2-methyl-3-o-tolyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone)
• Methylphenidate (Methyl alpha-phenyl-2-piperidineacetate)
• Phencyclidine - PCP (1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)piperidine)
• Phenmetrazine (3-methyl-2-phenylmorpholine)
• Secobarbital (5-allyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)barbituric acid)
• Dronabinol atau delta-9-tetrahydro-cannabinol ((6aR,10aR)-6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6H- dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol)
• Zipeprol (alpha-(alpha-methoxybenzyl)-4-(beta-methoxyphenethyl)-1-piperazineethanol)

[sunting] Psikotropika golongan III

• Amobarbital (5-ethyl-5-isopentylbarbituric acid)
• Buprenorphine (2l-cyclopropyl-7-alpha-[(S)-1-hydroxy-1,2,2-trimethylpropyl]-6,14- endo-ethano-6,7,8,14-tetrahydrooripavine)
• Butalbital (5-allyl-5-isobutylbarbituric acid)
• Cathine / norpseudo-ephedrine ((+)-(R)-alpha-[(R)-1-aminoethyl]benzyl alcohol)
• Cyclobarbital (5-(1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-ethylbarbituric acid)
• Flunitrazepam (5-(o-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-7-nitro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one)
• Glutethimide (2-ethyl-2-phenylglutarimide)
• Pentazocine ((2R*,6R*,11R*)-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-6,11-dimethyl-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-2,6-methano-3-benzazocin-8-ol)
• Pentobarbital (5-ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)barbitur

ic acid)

[sunting] Psikotropika golongan IV

• Allobarbital (5,5-diallylbarbituric acid)
• Alprazolam (8-chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-s-triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine)
• Amfepramone (diethylpropion 2-(diethylamino)propiophenone)
• Aminorex (2-amino-5-phenyl-2-oxazoline)
• Barbital (5,5-diethylbarbituric acid)
• Benzfetamine (N-benzyl-N,alpha-dimethylphenethylamine)
• Bromazepam (7-bromo-1,3-dihydro-5-(2-pyridyl)-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one)
• Butobarbital (5-butyl-5-ethylbarbituric acid)
• Brotizolam (2-bromo-4-(o-chlorophenyl)-9-methyl-6H-thieno[3,2-f]-s-triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]diazepine)
• Camazepam (7-chloro-1,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1,4 benzodiazepin-2-one dimethylcarbamate (ester))
• Chlordiazepoxide (7-chloro-2-(methylamino)-5-phenyl-3H-1,4-benzodiazepine-4-oxide)
• Clobazam (7-chloro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-1H-1,5-benzodiazepine-2,4(3H,5H)-dione)
• Clonazepam (5-(o-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-7-nitro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one)
• Clorazepate (7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-5-phenyl-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine-3-carboxylic acid)
• Clotiazepam (5-(o-chlorophenyl)-7-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-2H-thieno [2,3-e] -1,4-diazepin-2-one)
• Cloxazolam (10-chloro-11b-(o-chlorophenyl)-2,3,7,11b-tetrahydro-oxazolo- [3,2-d][1,4]benzodiazepin-6(5H)-one)
• Delorazepam (7-chloro-5-(o-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one)
• Diazepam (7-chloro-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one)
• Estazolam (8-chloro-6-phenyl-4H-s-triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine)
• Ethchlorvynol (1-chloro-3-ethyl-1-penten-4-yn-3-ol)
• Ethinamate (1-ethynylcyclohexanolcarbamate)
• Ethyl loflazepate (ethyl 7-chloro-5-(o-fluorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine-3-carboxylate)
• Etil Amfetamine / N-ethylampetamine (N-ethyl-alpha-methylphenethylamine)
• Fencamfamin (N-ethyl-3-phenyl-2-norborananamine)
• Fenproporex ((±)-3-[(alpha-methylphenylethyl)amino]propionitrile)
• Fludiazepam (7-chloro-5-(o-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one)
• Flurazepam (7-chloro-1-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-5-(o-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one)
• Halazepam (7-chloro-1,3-dihydro-5-phenyl-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one)
• Haloxazolam (10-bromo-11b-(o-fluorophenyl)-2,3,7,11b-tetrahydrooxazolo [3,2-d][1,4]benzodiazepin-6(5H)-one)
• Ketazolam (11-chloro-8,12b-dihydro-2,8-dimethyl-12b-phenyl-4H-[1,3]oxazino[3,2-d][1,4]benzodiazepine-4,7(6H)-dione)
• Lefetamine - SPA ((x)-N,N-dimethyl-1,2-diphenylethylamine)